A life-changing screen

In 2018, Mdm Ong went for a routine mammogram. She felt healthy and had no symptoms, so when the procedure revealed no issues, she did not think much of it. The following year, however, a nurse at her polyclinic urged her several times to book a follow-up scan, reminding her that it was free. Initially reluctant due to the discomfort of the first procedure, she finally agreed – and it turned out to be a life-saving decision.

The follow-up mammogram detected an anomaly, and Mdm Ong was promptly referred to the Breast Cancer Centre at the National University Hospital (NUH). Further imaging and a biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of breast cancer. “My family and friends couldn’t believe it,” said Mdm Ong, who works full-time. “I was walking 10,000 steps every day and keeping active with line-dancing and yoga.”
Mdm Ong was referred to the Breast Cancer Centre at NUH after a mammogram detected an anomaly.

Although her surgical team successfully removed the tumour and reconstructed the affected area to preserve her breast shape, the recovery process brought its own challenges.

Despite these hurdles, Mdm Ong is now a strong advocate for regular mammograms. “Early treatment can save lives,” she said. “You can have a happy family and continue to do the things you love.”

Her story serves as a reminder that breast cancer often develops silently, without symptoms, even in those leading healthy lifestyles.

A doctor’s guiding hand

For Mdm Ong, the support and expertise of her surgeon, Associate Consultant Dr Serene Goh Si Ning, made all the difference during her journey.

Dr Goh exemplifies care that goes beyond the operating room. A passionate breast surgeon and respected educator at the NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (NUS Medicine), she has won multiple teaching awards for her dedication to nurturing future medical professionals.

“Dr Goh inspires us to approach medicine with both precision and compassion, especially in the context of breast health,” said one of her students, Dr Clarisse Hing, now a House Officer at NUH.

For Dr Goh, caring for patients goes hand in hand with equipping them with knowledge. She believes that empowering women with a better understanding of their bodies is as important as the medical care they receive.

One of the most common concerns Dr Goh addresses is breast lumps. “A breast lump is any unusual growth or swelling in the breast that feels different from surrounding tissue. It can appear in one or both breasts or near the armpit,” she explained.

Most lumps – about 80 to 90 per cent – are non-cancerous. However, the remaining 10 to 20 per cent can be cancerous, or what medical professionals term malignant. Some early-stage breast cancers can also resemble benign growths.

"That’s why it’s crucial to have any lump evaluated by a healthcare professional,” Dr Goh said. “If you notice a lump, don’t panic – but don’t wait either. Book an appointment with your doctor to get it checked out.”

Detecting breast cancer at an early stage

Early detection can make a difference as it often means simpler, more effective treatments. A Stage 1 diagnosis may involve only a lumpectomy rather than a full mastectomy, and survival rates for early-stage breast cancer exceed 95 per cent. By Stage 4, however, survival rates drop significantly.

Dr Goh also stressed the importance of staying vigilant about breast pain. While it is not usually a sign of cancer, persistent or unusual pain should be checked.

"Hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle can lead to breast pain, which is quite common,” she explained. “However, if the pain persists, consult a healthcare provider for evaluation and appropriate management.”

Just a little uncomfortable, but a lot more essential

Mammograms, which provide detailed X-rays of breast tissue, can detect abnormalities that might not be noticeable through self-checks. While the procedure can feel uncomfortable, the discomfort is typically brief, said Dr Goh.

“The compression of breast tissue during a mammogram is necessary for clear imaging and helps ensure that the mammogram captures detailed images with the lowest possible radiation dose,” she explained.

Illustration done by Dr Clarisse Hing, House Officer, NUH.

In general, annual mammograms are recommended for women aged 40 to 49, while those aged 50 and above can go for a scan every two years. These should be paired with consultations to understand their benefits and limitations.

“Women with a family history of breast cancer or known genetic mutations should consult with their doctor for a tailored screening plan,” Dr Goh added.

Illustration done by Dr Clarisse Hing, House Officer, NUH.

Mdm Ong’s experience, along with Dr Goh’s advice, shows how small yet proactive steps – such as regular screenings, self-checks and paying attention to subtle changes in your breasts – can make a big difference.

“Please go for your mammograms,” said Mdm Ong. “Early detection saves lives.

In consultation with Dr Serene Goh, Associate Consultant, Division of General Surgery (Breast Surgery), Department of Surgery, NUH, Alexandra Hospital (AH) and National University Cancer Institute, Singapore (NCIS); and Dr Clarisse Hing, House Officer, NUH.